Effect Of The Spanish Conquest On Coastal Change In Northwestern Peru

When Francisco Pizarro and his band of Spanish conquistadores landed in northern Peru in A.D. 1532 to begin their conquest of the vast Inca Empire, they initiated profound changes in the culture, language, technology, economics, and demography of western South America. They also altered anthropogenically modulated processes of shoreline change that had functioned for millennia.

As Arctic Melts, Shipping Traffic Blasts Wildlife

Year by year, summer sea ice in the Arctic is disappearing. Suddenly an area that has always been largely inaccessible is now opening up to new commercial opportunities: ship traffic, oil exploration and who knows what’s coming next.