Oceans May Be Speeding Melt of Greenland’s Glaciers

Researchers know that warm air over Greenland melts surface snow and ice, but this process doesn’t do enough melting to explain the extent of the glaciers’ rapid retreat, responsible for about a quarter of worldwide sea level rise. The connection between ocean changes, including a warming Atlantic Ocean, and glacier response is unchartered territory, and may make up the difference between predictions of ice melt and reality.

Blindsided by Ferocity Unleashed by a Fault

Records kept for the past 300 years indicated that every few decades, part of the Japan trench, an offshore fault to the east of Fukushima, would break, generating an earthquake around magnitude 7.5, perhaps up to magnitude 8.0. While earthquakes that large would be devastating in many parts of the world, the Japanese have diligently prepared for them with stringent building codes and sea walls that are meant to hold back quake-generated tsunamis.

Sendai Coast, NASA Earth Observatory

One week after the magnitude-9.0 earthquake and resulting tsunami, the fields nearest the ocean were still covered with standing water. An Advanced Land Imager (ALI) on NASA’s Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) satellite captured a natural-color image of the area.